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A comparison ofimpact vs financialmaterialityassessments

Understand the two lenses before you combine them.

This explainer clarifies the difference between impact (societal) and financial (enterprise value) materiality, how global frameworks, such as CSRD, GRI, and SASB, describe each lens, and when to apply them separately or together.

Illustration of collaborative sustainability planning

What are impact and financial materiality?

Impact materiality focuses on how an organisation affects people and planet. Financial materiality focuses on how ESG issues influence enterprise value. Global frameworks, such as CSRD, GRI, and SASB, expect teams to define both lenses clearly—even when a double materiality approach is planned.

2
Lenses

Impact (inside-out) and financial (outside-in) materiality complement each other.

Shared
Inputs

Both lenses rely on the same stakeholder interviews, data, and governance controls.

1
Decision

Translate both perspectives into a single view leadership can act on.

WHY IT MATTERS

Why both materiality lenses deserve attention

Avoid partial reporting. Only reviewing financial exposure misses community and environmental impacts stakeholders care about.

Improve resilience. Comparing lenses early reveals risks and opportunities before they affect revenue or reputation.

Prepare for double materiality. Understanding each lens independently makes dual-lens assessments faster.

SIDE-BY-SIDE EVALUATION

How to compare impact and financial perspectives

  1. Define criteria upfront List the scoring factors for each lens so teams do not mix signals midstream.
  2. Use shared data rooms Keep qualitative and quantitative evidence together so both lenses access the same inputs.
  3. Align storytelling Document how learning from one lens changes assumptions for the other to avoid conflicting narratives.

CADENCE

How to measure outcomes across both lenses

  1. Score separately Assign impact and financial scores before blending them, so trends stay visible.
  2. Highlight gaps Flag topics with high impact but low financial scores (or vice versa) for leadership discussion.
  3. Track remediation Note which initiatives close the gap between impact and financial exposure.
  4. Update matrices Publish refreshed matrices or dashboards so stakeholders see how lenses evolve.

Keep both lenses in focus

Create dual-score cards

Report each issue with impact and financial ratings side by side.

Assign dual owners

Pair sustainability leads with finance or risk owners for every high-priority topic.

Document trade-offs

Record when financial priorities outweigh impact considerations (or vice versa) so context is clear.

MATERIALITY COMPARISON GLOSSARY

Materiality comparison glossary

Inside-out lens. Another name for impact materiality—how the organisation affects society or the environment.

Outside-in lens. Another name for financial materiality—how ESG issues affect enterprise value.

Bridging narrative. The explanation that links both lenses into one decision-making storyline.

FAQS

Impact vs financial FAQs

Which lens should we tackle first?

Start with the lens most requested by stakeholders, then run the other to avoid bias—capturing both is the end goal.

Can one team own both lenses?

Yes, but ensure finance, risk, sustainability, and operations all contribute input.

Do we need two reports?

One report can cover both lenses if it clearly labels the difference.

How does this relate to double materiality?

Double materiality is the combination of impact and financial lenses—understanding each individually accelerates that work.

RunSustainably keeps both lenses in one workspace so teams stay aligned.

Ready to evaluate impact and financial signals together?